Andrea di Pietro della Gondola, son of the miller Pietro who, with his small boat (hence the family's nickname) delivers sacks of flour to his customers by sailing the city's canals, was born in 1508 in Padua.
Andrea entered as soon as he was 13 years old as an apprentice in the workshop of the stonemason Bartolomeo Cavazza but, not getting along well, he insistently asked his father to find him another job, and so, accomplice to the death of his wife in 1523, Pietro and Andrea moved to Vicenza, where Andrea was to join the fraglia dei lapicidi (guild of stonemasons) when he was only 14 years old, becoming an apprentice in the workshop of the “masters from Pedemuro,” namely Giangiacomo da Porlezza and Gerolamo Pittoni.
Pedemuro's workshop is certainly a stimulating environment, which contributes in an essential way to the birth of Andrea's vocation, who not only finds masters and models to learn from, but also father figures capable of replacing his real father, who died around 1528.
A fortunate orphan, then, who little by little learned the secrets of an ancient craft, made up of profound knowledge of materials and skillful manual dexterity, but also the ability to understand the wishes of clients. Training as a stone mason, and not within a painter's or sculptor's workshop, is one of the elements that characterize Palladio's artistic identity, for the habit of drawing as a tool aimed at construction, for the ability in bending techniques to expressive needs, for the conception of architecture as a system, founded on models and reference schemes.
In the workshop of the masters da Pedemuro, as time goes by Andrea will be judged ready to work in a real building site, Villa Cricoli, today Villa Trissino Trettenero, where he meets the person who will change his life...and his name, namely Giangiorgio Trissino, a well-rounded intellectual and highly cultured man: poet, playwright, scholar of Latin, Greek, music, architecture, philosophy. He will be fundamental to Andrea's human and professional development, for he becomes a true mentor to him, so much so that he creates for him the name by which he will go down in history: Palladio.
Palladio is the name of the protagonist of L'Italia liberata dai Goti, an epic poem written by Trissino; in the poem Palladio is an angel sent by God to help the leader Belisarius in his defensive struggle against the Barbarians. According to Trissino's reasoning, just as the angel Palladio had helped Belisarius get rid of the Goths, so Andrea di Pietro would have helped Vicenza-in the all-Renaissance view of renovatio urbis (renewal of the city)-to get rid of the Venetian-style buildings in Vicenza.
Trissino urges Andrea to study Latin, and this opens a window on the world for Andrea: thanks to his mastery of Latin, he is able to study the treatise De architectura by Vitruvius, a Roman architect of the first century B.C. ... which will in fact be an inspiration to Palladio for the conception and realization of the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza.
The humanist will also ask Palladio to accompany him to Rome: 2 times Palladio will accompany his mentor to the Eternal City; in total, the architect will visit Rome 4 times, at a time when 30km a day were covered on horseback and numerous were the dangers and pitfalls for those who set out.
To Palladio Rome is like being Alice in Wonderland: he sees the Roman villas (how can we not mention Villa Adriana in Tivoli?), the baths and, of course, the temples: the temple of Saturn, at the Imperial Forums; the temple of Hercules the Victor, also in Rome; the temple of Fortuna Primigenia in Palestrina, etc
What makes him the brilliant interpreter of Renaissance architecture is that he was able to cast all this “Roman-ness” into the Venetian reality of his time, thus transforming the Roman proto-villa, into the villa-farm of the sixteenth century.
Want to visit the most emblematic Palladian villa in Vicenza? Write to me and book a tour.
Villa Valmarana ai Nani, renowned for its frescoes by Giambattista and Giandomenico Tiepolo, as well as for its scenic surroundings and centuries-old history
The columns of Piazza dei Signori in Vicenza, symbols of the city, represent Venetian justice and religious devotion
A Gothic masterpiece from the 13th century, renowned for housing relics of the Holy Thorn and works by masters such as Bellini and Veronese
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